Layer-1

Layer-1 refers to the base or foundational blockchain layer in a network architecture. In blockchain technology, Layer-1 refers to the core chain or protocol on which other solutions and applications are built. Examples of Layer-1 blockchains include Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana. These blockchains handle all transactions directly on their own chain, without relying on other protocols. They also include their own consensus mechanisms, such as Proof of Work (PoW) or Proof of Stake (PoS). Scalability has often been a challenge for Layer-1 blockchains, leading to the development of Layer-2 solutions that aim to improve transaction speed and reduce costs.